Sleep+Apnea

Morgan Gochnauer (Facilitator) Zach Schulz (Facilitator, Critical Friend) Ben Davidson (Editor) Tim Torres (Editor) Tom Shenk (Critical Friend)


 * What is Sleep Apnea? **

Sleep apnea influences your breathing when you’re asleep. When sleep apnea is untreated breathing is temporarily interrupted. These breathing breaks usually last from 10 to 20 seconds and can happens hundreds of times a night. When these pauses occur your sleep patterns are thrown off, which results in less time in the deep sleep needed. This lack of deep sleep can result in sleepiness, slower reflexes, headaches, and poor concentration. Sleep apnea can also lead to more serious health problems like diabetes, high blood pressure, heart disease, stroke, or weight gain.

=Overview = ====· characterized by 5 or more periods of apnea (cessation of breathing) lasting at least 10 seconds each occurring per hour of sleep ====

· risk factors include: family history, large neck, recessed chin, smoking, alcohol, age and nasal problems
====· treatments include: avoiding alcohol and high altitudes, review medication combinations with a doctor, mouthpieces, continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) and surgery ====

· CPAP is the most effective treatment for sleep apnea
====· When in surgery doctors will remove the excess soft tissue from the throat or tonsils whichever is causing the problem ====

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Sleep apnea slightly differs in children. Many factors contribute to undiagnosed children; the largest being a low level of awareness in the medical community. Treatments and tests cost a lot and children have trouble falling asleep in different environments, especially with probes and wires attached to them.

Children do not always report any excessive daytime sleepiness, which also makes it hard to diagnose OSA. Child patients may suffer from many behavioral problems due to OSA. Hyperactivity, inattention, aggression, sleepwalking and night terrors, all result from OSA. Studies also reflect an impaired learning function and diminishing academic performance. All these factors contribute to the difficulty of a diagnosis because the symptoms resemble those of attention deficit hyperactivity disorders.

References

Smith, M., Kovatch, S., & Segal, R. (2010). Sleep Apnea: Symptoms, Treatment, Causes, and Cures. Retrieved October 20, 2010 from Help Guide: [|http://helpguide.org/​life/​sleep_apnea.htm]. ====Keene, S., Mohon, R., Samples, D., Masini, D., & Byington, R. (2010). BMI percentile a potential tool for predicting pediatric obstructive sleep apnea. Canadian Journal of Respiratory Therapy, 46(2), 33-37. Retrieved from CINAHL Plus with Full Text database. ====

====Berry, D. (2008). Case study: obstructive sleep apnea. MEDSURG Nursing, 17(1), 11-17. Retrieved from CINAHL Plus with Full Text database. ====

====Çelen, Y., & Peker, Y. (2010). Cardiovascular consequences of sleep apnea: III-Impact of continuous positive airway pressure treatment. Anatolian Journal of Cardiology / Anadolu Kardiyoloji Dergisi, 10(3), 274-280. doi:10.5152/akd.2010.070 ====

Fujita S, Conway W, Zorick F, Roth T. (1981). Surgical correction of anatomic abnormalities in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome: uvulopalatopharyngoplasty. PubLMed. [].

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